The origin of cosmic rays is one of the key questions in high-ernergy astrophysics. Supernovae have been considered as the dominant sources of cosmic rays below the spectral knee. Multi-wavelength observations indeed show that supernova remnants are capable of accelerating particles into sub-knee energies. Diffusive shock acceleration is considered as one of the most efficient cosmic high-energy particle acceleration mechanisms, and may operate effectively in the large-scale shocks of supernova remnants. Recently, a series of high-precision ground and space experiments have greatly advanced the study of cosmic rays and supernova remnants. New observational features challenge the classical diffusive shock acceleration model and its application to the scenario of supernova remnants origin of the Galactic cosmic rays, and have advanced our understanding to cosmic high-energy phenomena. In combination with broadband spectral evolution of supernova remnants, we propose a time-dependent particle acceleration model, which can not only explain the anomalies in cosmic-ray distributions around 200 GV, but also naturally reproduce the cosmic-ray spectral knee with prominent contributions to cosmic ray flux up to the spectral ankle. This model requires that high-energy particle transport is dominated by turbulent convection with a diffusion coefficient weakly depending on the particle energy near supernova remnants, which needs to be verified by numerical simulations of the particle transportation in the future